Humates contain carbon chains with functional groups that release tied-up nutrients and help retain them in the soil solution by complexing with carbon. When applied to live crops, raw humates act as biostimulants, enhancing crop vigor and resistance to abiotic stresses. Humates indirectly boost microbial populations through root exudates and the breakdown of carbon chains. Over time, they increase root mass and root fines, contributing to increased amounts of soil organic matter.